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|Formulated Year=2015
|Formulation File=Theory-rejection-theorem-box-only.jpg
|Description=According to '''the theory rejection theorem''', a [[Theory|theory]] becomes '''rejected''' only when other theories that are incompatible with the theory become accepted. By [[The First Law (Barseghyan-2015)|the first law]] for theories, an accepted theory remains accepted until it is replaced by other theories. By [[Compatibility Corollary (Fraser-Sarwar-2018)|the compatibility corollary]], the elements of the scientific mosaic are compatible with each other at any moment of time. It follows, therefore, that a theory can only become rejected when it is replaced by an incompatible theory or theories.[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|pp. 167-172]] [[CiteRef::Fraser and Sarwar (2018)|pp. 72-74]] {{PrintDiagramFile|diagram file=Theory Rejection Theorem deduction (Barseghyan-Fraser-Sarwar-2018).png}}
Implicit in the theorem is the idea that each theory is assessed on an "individual basis by its compatibility with the propositions of the newly accepted theory".[[CiteRef::Barseghyan (2015)|p. 168]] If it turns out that a previously accepted theory is compatible with the newly accepted theory, it remain in the agent's mosaic.

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